Every Text Case, and When to Use It

Retyping a heading because caps lock was on, or converting a column of labels into variable names — re-casing text by hand is pure tedium. Toolsyy’s Case Converter offers thirteen formats, split into two families that work quite differently.

Prose cases

These preserve your punctuation and spacing, changing only which letters are capital. Use them on sentences, headings and titles.

• Sentence case — The quick brown fox. It jumped. Lowercases everything, then capitalises the first letter of each sentence. This is the one that rescues text typed with caps lock on.
• Title Case — The Lord of the Rings. Follows real title conventions (see below).
• Capitalize Every Word — The Lord Of The Rings. No exceptions.
• UPPERCASE and lowercase — exactly what they say.
• iNVERSE cASE — flips each letter. Genuinely useful for fixing text typed with caps lock on and the shift key held.
• aLtErNaTiNg — the internet’s sarcasm font.

What title case actually means

Most “title case” converters simply capitalise every word, and that is not what style guides prescribe. The rule is that minor words stay lowercase unless they’re the first or last word of the title:

• Articles: a, an, the
• Short conjunctions: and, but, or, nor
• Short prepositions: of, in, on, to, for, by, at, with

Which is why it’s:

The Lord of the Rings        ← correct
The Lord Of The Rings        ← every word capitalised

Toolsyy implements the real rule, and still capitalises a minor word when it opens or closes the title — so The Book I Was Looking For keeps its final For. If you genuinely want no exceptions, Capitalize Every Word is there.

Programmer cases

These work differently: they break the text into words and rebuild it, discarding the original spaces and punctuation entirely. Feed them a sentence and you get an identifier.

• camelCase — JavaScript, Java, C# variables and functions.
• PascalCase — class and component names in most languages.
• snake_case — Python, Ruby, Rust; also SQL column names.
• CONSTANT_CASE — constants and environment variables.
• kebab-case — CSS classes, URL slugs, HTML attributes. Not valid for variable names in most languages, since the hyphen reads as minus.
• dot.case — config keys and namespaced properties.

The word-splitting understands existing conventions, so it splits on capital letters as well as on spaces, hyphens and underscores. myXMLParser becomes my + XML + Parser, which is what lets you convert an identifier from one convention straight into another.

A caution on renaming code

Converting an identifier’s case is a text operation, not a refactor. If you re-case a variable name, every other reference to it has to change too — use your editor’s rename feature for that. The converter is for the moment you need a name in the right shape, not for renaming things across a codebase.

Also worth remembering: kebab-case is invalid as an identifier in most languages, and CONSTANT_CASE is a convention rather than a rule — nothing enforces it.

FAQ

What is the difference between title case and capitalising every word?

Proper title case leaves short words such as of, the, and, to and in lowercase unless they are the first or last word. Capitalising every word makes no exceptions. So proper title case gives The Lord of the Rings, while capitalising every word gives The Lord Of The Rings.

How do I fix text I accidentally typed in all caps?

Paste it and choose sentence case. That lowercases everything and then capitalises the first letter of each sentence, which restores normal prose. Choosing lowercase alone would leave the sentence starts uncapitalised.

Which case should I use for a variable name?

Follow the convention of the language you are writing in. JavaScript and Java use camelCase for variables and PascalCase for classes, Python and Rust use snake_case, CSS and URLs use kebab-case, and constants are usually CONSTANT_CASE in most languages.

Does the converter understand camelCase input?

Yes. It splits words at capital letters as well as at spaces, hyphens and underscores, so an existing name like myXMLParser is correctly broken into my, XML and parser before being re-cased into whichever format you choose.

Related guides

• How to count words and reading time — the other everyday text tool.
• URL encoding explained — useful alongside kebab-case when building slugs.

Try it now: Free Case Converter